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New York CCR Requirements

New York routes most of its Consumer Confidence Report obligations through the New York State Department of Health, which administers state primacy under its own rule — 10 NYCRR § 5-1.72 — and sets a delivery deadline of May 31 rather than the federal July 1. The exception is New York City: the NYC Department of Environmental Protection issues its own annual drinking-water quality report under a distinct regulatory framework, serving more than 9 million people from a watershed system that operates separately from the NY DOH primacy structure governing the rest of the state.

Who Issues a CCR in New York

For most of New York State, the primary drinking-water regulator is the New York State Department of Health (NY DOH), through its Bureau of Water Supply Protection. NY DOH holds primacy under the federal Safe Drinking Water Act, meaning it has taken on EPA's enforcement responsibility for public water systems across the state. Any community water system subject to NY DOH jurisdiction must follow the state's CCR rule at 10 NYCRR Subpart 5-1, including its May 31 delivery deadline and state-specific content requirements.

New York has [VERIFY: approximately 2,400 community water systems] operating under NY DOH primacy. The EPA's consumer confidence report database for New York lists more than 8,000 water systems of all types; the community water system subset is the group subject to the annual report requirement.

New York City is the significant exception. The NYC Department of Environmental Protection operates under a separate framework, discussed in its own section below.

New York's CCR Rule on Top of the Federal Floor

Federal CCR requirements live at 40 CFR Part 141, Subpart O (§§ 141.151–141.156). New York has its own parallel state regulation at 10 NYCRR Subpart 5-1, specifically § 5-1.72, which governs operation of a public water system and includes the annual water supply statement requirements. Key differences from the federal baseline:

Delivery deadline. Under 10 NYCRR § 5-1.72(e), community water systems serving 15 or more connections or 25 or more year-round residents must deliver their annual water supply statement — New York's term for the CCR — by May 31 each year. The federal default deadline is July 1 (40 CFR § 141.155). New York's earlier deadline applies; systems in New York cannot rely on the federal July 1 date.

State agency notification. Systems must submit copies of the annual water supply statement to the NY DOH, the county or district health department, and — where applicable — the Department of Environmental Conservation, by the same May 31 date.

Certification. New York requires systems to mail certification that the report was distributed and that the information is accurate by September 1 of the same year. This is separate from the federal 10-day post-delivery certification window that takes effect January 1, 2027 under the 2024 CCR rule revisions (40 CFR § 141.155 as amended). New York systems should confirm with NY DOH whether the federal 10-day window supersedes the state September 1 deadline once the 2024 revisions are fully phased in.

Record retention. Systems must retain copies of the annual report for at least three years.

Content requirements. The NY DOH framework requires the same core disclosures as the federal rule — detected contaminants with compliance data, MCL and MCLG definitions, lead and copper results, turbidity data for filtered systems, source water susceptibility information, health-effects language, and violation summaries — plus any state-specific elements in NY DOH guidance.

The federal content requirements at 40 CFR §§ 141.153 and 141.154 set the floor; 10 NYCRR § 5-1.72 operates in parallel. Where the state rule is more stringent, the state rule applies. See CCR Resources for a summary of the federal framework.

NYC DEP: A Separate Framework for the NYC Water System

New York City's water system is one of the largest surface-water systems in the United States, delivering more than one billion gallons of safe, high-quality drinking water each day to over 8.2 million city residents and approximately one million people in surrounding counties (as reported in the NYC DEP 2024 Drinking Water Supply and Quality Report).

The NYC Department of Environmental Protection issues its own annual "Drinking Water Supply and Quality Report" in fulfillment of both the New York State Sanitary Code (10 NYCRR Subpart 5-1) and the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. This report is NYC's Consumer Confidence Report. It covers water quality test results across all five boroughs, watershed conditions, treatment processes, and regulatory compliance, and it is distinct from the annual water quality reports that NY DOH collects from upstate and suburban systems under the standard state primacy framework.

NYC's system includes infrastructure from the Catskill/Delaware and Croton watershed systems. EPA has historically been involved in FAD (Filtration Avoidance Determination) oversight for the unfiltered Catskill/Delaware system; the overall regulatory structure for NYC's water quality is complex and involves both NY DOH and EPA review, with NYC DEP as the operating authority responsible for producing the annual public report. Systems outside New York City should not attempt to use NYC DEP's reporting format or guidance — their obligation runs through NY DOH and the 10 NYCRR § 5-1.72 framework.

For consumers: the NYC DEP report is publicly available each year through the NYC government website and is mailed to NYC customers in fulfillment of the CCR delivery requirement.

New York's Pre-Federal PFAS MCLs and How They Interact with the 2024 Federal NPDWR

New York moved earlier than the federal government on PFAS in drinking water. In August 2020, NY DOH finalized state MCLs at 10 ng/L (10 ppt) for PFOA and PFOS, and 1 µg/L (1,000 ng/L) for 1,4-dioxane, under 10 NYCRR § 5-1.52, Table 3. New York was the first state to adopt an MCL for 1,4-dioxane. These values were set in the absence of federal regulation and have been enforceable since 2020.

The 2024 federal PFAS National Primary Drinking Water Regulation (NPDWR) established a federal MCL of 4.0 ng/L (4 ppt) for both PFOA and PFOS individually — stricter than New York's 10 ppt standard. For those two compounds, the federal floor became lower (more protective) than the existing state MCL. Systems in New York must meet the stricter of the two applicable standards, meaning the federal 4.0 ng/L MCL for PFOA and PFOS will govern once EPA's compliance deadline arrives.

As of May 2025, EPA confirmed the 4.0 ng/L MCLs for PFOA and PFOS remain in force (with the compliance deadline extended from 2029 to 2031), but rescinded the MCLs for PFNA, PFHxS, and HFPO-DA (GenX Chemicals) and the associated Hazard Index. For those rescinded federal MCLs, New York does not currently have separate state standards. New York State legislation (S 3207, passed the Senate in June 2025 and pending in the Assembly as of this writing) would set state MCLs of 4 ppt for PFOA and PFOS and 10 ppt for PFNA, PFHxS, and HFPO-DA.

Practical implication for 2026 CCRs. When preparing their 2026 annual reports (due May 31, 2027), New York community water systems must disclose:

• PFOA results against both the state MCL (10 ng/L) and the federal MCL (4 ng/L); report detected values regardless of which threshold applies.
• PFOS results on the same basis.
• 1,4-dioxane results against the state MCL (1 µg/L); there is no federal MCL for 1,4-dioxane.

Systems should confirm current monitoring and reporting obligations with NY DOH and track the S 3207 legislation for any tightening of state MCLs before the 2027 report cycle.

For context on lead and emerging contaminant disclosures, see Lead and Your CCR.

Lead and Lead Service Lines in New York

New York City's water distribution system includes infrastructure dating back more than a century, and like most older northeastern cities, the system has a legacy of lead service lines (LSLs) connecting water mains to buildings. New York State systems are subject to the Lead and Copper Rule Improvements (LCRI), which take effect November 1, 2027 and require replacement of all lead and galvanized-requiring-replacement (GRR) service lines under a system's control within 10 years. The LCRI also lowers the lead action level from 0.015 mg/L to 0.010 mg/L (10 µg/L) beginning November 1, 2027.

CCR obligations related to lead include:

• Disclosing lead and copper 90th percentile sampling results each year.
• Including a statement that a service line inventory has been prepared, with instructions to access the publicly available inventory, per 40 CFR § 141.153(h)(8).
• Including educational language about lead health effects and steps consumers can take to reduce exposure.
• Under the LCRI, beginning November 1, 2027, paired first-and-fifth-liter sampling at LSL sites applies; systems must use the higher of the two values for compliance determinations.

See Lead and Your CCR for the full lead disclosure requirements and the LCRI timeline.

Deadlines and Delivery

Annual delivery deadline. New York systems must deliver the annual water supply statement by May 31 each year under 10 NYCRR § 5-1.72(e). This is six weeks earlier than the federal July 1 deadline at 40 CFR § 141.155.

Biannual delivery (≥ 10,000 connections). The 2024 federal CCR rule revisions require community water systems serving 10,000 or more persons to distribute the report twice per calendar year, with the second report due by December 31 (40 CFR § 141.155(j)(2)). This requirement phases in with the January 1, 2027 compliance date under the 2024 revisions. New York systems meeting the ≥ 10,000 threshold should confirm with NY DOH how the state addresses the second delivery cycle relative to the May 31 annual deadline.

Website posting (≥ 50,000 persons). Systems serving 50,000 or more must post the current year's report on a publicly available website per 40 CFR § 141.155(f). NYC DEP already does this; larger upstate systems must ensure compliance.

Delivery methods. The 2024 federal rule codified four allowed delivery methods: (i) mail or hand delivery of a paper copy, (ii) mailed notice with a direct link to the online report, (iii) email with a direct link or electronic version, and (iv) other primacy-agency-approved methods. Systems using electronic methods must provide a paper copy on request. New York systems should confirm current NY DOH guidance on approved electronic delivery methods.

Certification. New York requires certification of distribution by September 1. The federal 2024 revisions require certification within 10 days of delivery; once that requirement takes full effect, NY DOH will need to clarify how the state and federal timelines interact.

Small systems (≤ 500 persons). Under 40 CFR § 141.155(g)(2), systems serving 500 or fewer persons may post notice at one or more customer-frequented locations and make the report available on request, in lieu of standard publication. New York DOH guidance may impose additional requirements.

What's Changing in 2027 for New York Systems

Three federal changes take effect in 2027 that every New York system needs to plan for. See What's Changing in 2027 for the complete federal picture; the New York-specific implications are:

LCRI compliance (November 1, 2027). The Lead and Copper Rule Improvements require full CCR compliance with the new lead action level (0.010 mg/L), paired 1st-and-5th-liter sampling at LSL sites, and full LSL inventory disclosure. New York systems with lead service lines face a 10-year replacement timeline starting November 1, 2027.

Mandatory summary section (January 1, 2027). The 2024 CCR rule revisions add a mandatory summary section at the beginning of each report, per 40 CFR § 141.156. Every New York system must include this summary starting with its 2027 report (covering 2026 water quality data, due May 31, 2027).

PFAS monitoring and reporting. Initial PFAS monitoring under the 2024 federal NPDWR must be completed by April 26, 2027. PFAS results begin appearing in CCRs in the 2027 report cycle. For New York systems, PFAS was already a monitoring requirement under the state's 2020 MCLs; the federal NPDWR adds the national reporting floor and, for PFOA and PFOS, sets a stricter MCL (4 ng/L vs. the state's 10 ng/L).

Biannual delivery and LEP plan. Systems serving ≥ 10,000 begin the twice-yearly delivery requirement in 2027. Systems serving ≥ 100,000 must provide their first Limited English Proficiency assistance plan with the first 2027 report.

New York's May 31 state deadline means the first fully 2027-rules-compliant annual report will be due May 31, 2027. Systems should not wait until June to begin assembling mandatory summary sections, updated PFAS tables, and LCRI-compliant lead data.

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Last reviewed: 2026-05-03. Next scheduled review: November 2026 (annual cadence per IA Decision 9).